|
|
[PovertyRaceWomen 88] GED Effects on Wages of OffendersJackson, Wendy P. jacksonwp at roanestate.eduThu Nov 30 11:52:56 EST 2006
Daphne asked about our thoughts on GED effects on wages for offenders. Just my thoughts, no studies or scientific evidence to quote, just what I have seen working with Prison Ministries. Most people coming from the correctional arena, seem to peak at three years. At this point, many have returned to their previous lives, dropped from contact with those that are trying to help them stay on the straight path, or have reached the end of programs to help them advance. Those that have continued the life improvement are outweighed by the ones that have not. Sometimes we have to look beyond the study supplied stats. Are our programs only effective if they reach X number of people? Are we less effective if only 35% continue through the door we have opened? Several years ago, I took part in a program called "Survival Skills for Women." I tell people it is the reason my family does not live trapped in the Welfare system today. It completely changed how I saw my situation. Out of the 10 women in my class, two of us do not live in public housing. Was the program unsuccessful? The is no negative value associated with improving our life situation. Wendy Wendy Jackson Roane County Adult Education Roane State Community College 1082 N Gateway Ave. Rockwood, TN 37854 (865) 376-6013 jacksonwp at roanestate.edu ________________________________ From: povertyracewomen-bounces at nifl.gov on behalf of povertyracewomen-request at nifl.gov Sent: Wed 11/29/2006 12:00 PM To: povertyracewomen at nifl.gov Subject: PovertyRaceWomen Digest, Vol 1, Issue 31 Send PovertyRaceWomen mailing list submissions to povertyracewomen at nifl.gov To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit http://www.nifl.gov/mailman/listinfo/povertyracewomen or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to povertyracewomen-request at nifl.gov You can reach the person managing the list at povertyracewomen-owner at nifl.gov When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific than "Re: Contents of PovertyRaceWomen digest..." Today's Topics: 1. [PovertyRaceWomen 78] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison (Barbara Garner) 2. [PovertyRaceWomen 79] Cooking (Andrea Wilder) 3. [PovertyRaceWomen 80] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison (Janet Isserlis) 4. [PovertyRaceWomen 81] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison (Julie McKinney) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Message: 1 Date: Wed, 29 Nov 2006 06:58:31 -0600 (CST) From: Barbara Garner <b.garner4 at verizon.net> Subject: [PovertyRaceWomen 78] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison To: William R Muth/FS/VCU <wrmuth at vcu.edu>, b.garner4 at verizon.net, "The Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy Discussion List" <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> Message-ID: <22381285.214821164805112387.JavaMail.root at vms070.mailsrvcs.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Good point, Bill, I agree. The GED is a beginning, not an end point. What is happening with post-secondary programs, pre- and/or post-release, these days? Are they seeing a lot of success? Barb Garner ===================== From: William R Muth/FS/VCU <wrmuth at vcu.edu> Date: 2006/11/28 Tue PM 11:43:12 CST To: b.garner4 at verizon.net, "The Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy Discussion List" <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> Subject: Re: [PovertyRaceWomen 74] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison As I understand John Tyler's study,the signalling effect of the GED tends to benefit those who are least educatedand minority. These achievers enjoy higher wage earnings (although stillprobably at poverty-level) for three years after release from prison. Isthat such a negative finding? Should we expect the GED to be the "magicbullet" that solves the myriad of issues facing individuals returningto society: addictions, homelessness/renegotiating relationships with family,dangerous associations from the past, etc.? ?For me the take awaypoints from John's study are: (a) emphasizing quality foundational literacylearning prior to GED credentialing programs, and (b) then providing adequatepostsecondary programs (e.g., AA degrees in vocational/technology) to enablenewly released people to find meaningful, entry-level skilledwork. The GED is not the problem. It's just not a panacea either. -Bill ? ? Barbara Garner <b.garner4 at verizon.net> Sent by: povertyracewomen-bounces at nifl.gov 11/28/2006 04:56 PMPlease respond to b.garner4 at verizon.net; Please respond to "The Poverty, Race, ? ? ? ?Women and LiteracyDiscussion List" <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> ToDaphne Greenberg <ALCDGG at langate.gsu.edu>,PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.govccSubject[PovertyRaceWomen 74] Re: economic impactof earning a GED while ? ? ? ?in ? ?? ?prison I remember this article well, because the findingsare so disheartening for educators. An extensive query about the methodologywas conducted, but it couldn't be faulted. I'm very interested in the "why"-- is the stigma of prison outweighingthe usually positive (albeit small) effects of the GED? Do minorities show a slight earnings gain because they start with suchlow earnings? Does anyone have any insights ? Barb Garner Editor, Focus on Basics ===================== From: Daphne Greenberg <ALCDGG at langate.gsu.edu> Date: 2006/11/28 Tue PM 01:55:10 CST To: PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov Subject: [PovertyRaceWomen 72] economic impact of earning a GED while in? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?prison On the Focus on Basics list, Julie McKinney, the list moderator postedanother article which may be of interest to some of you: What are the Economic Effects of Earning a GED in Prison? http://www.ncsall.net/?id=822 In case you don't feel like reading the whole article, the aspect thatI think is of interest to this listserv is that the study looked at thedifferences of the economic impact of earning a GED while in prison, betweenwhite and nonwhite ex-offenders: ?Among racial and ethnic minority offenders* primarily African Americans with a smaller number of Hispanics * we foundabout a 20 percent increase in the earnings among GED holders relativeto non-GED holders in the first post-release year. This effect declinedin the second year and by the third year it fell away to basically zero,?explains Tyler. ?We found that, for white offenders, there was no differencein the post-release earnings or employment for individuals who got a GEDversus those who did not.? Any thoughts/reactions? Daphne Daphne Greenberg Assistant Professor Educational Psych. & Special Ed. Georgia State University P.O. Box 3979 Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3979 phone: 404-651-0127 fax:404-651-4901 dgreenberg at gsu.edu Daphne Greenberg Associate Director Center for the Study of Adult Literacy Georgia State University P.O. Box 3977 Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3977 phone: 404-651-0127 fax:404-651-4901 dgreenberg at gsu.edu ---------------------------------------------------- National Institute for Literacy Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy mailing list PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov To unsubscribe or change your subscription settings, please go to http://www.nifl.gov/mailman/listinfo/povertyracewomen ---------------------------------------------------- National Institute for Literacy Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy mailing list PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov To unsubscribe or change your subscription settings, please go to http://www.nifl.gov/mailman/listinfo/povertyracewomen ------------------------------ Message: 2 Date: Wed, 29 Nov 2006 09:15:30 -0500 From: Andrea Wilder <andreawilder at comcast.net> Subject: [PovertyRaceWomen 79] Cooking To: Women and Literacy Discussion List The Poverty Race <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> Message-ID: <861e9610bc59a2b3939c477cb1e83e2c at comcast.net> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed If anyone has it available, go to yesterday's Wall Street Journal. There is a fantastic article about cooking classes in conjunction with Second Harvest. Probably no one but me on this list reads the WSJ, but I do --tap other sources of knowledge. The article is just excellent, and adult literacy educators should hook into the schools, somehow--cooking one's way out of poverty. Andrea ------------------------------ Message: 3 Date: Wed, 29 Nov 2006 09:21:01 -0500 From: Janet Isserlis <Janet_Isserlis at brown.edu> Subject: [PovertyRaceWomen 80] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison To: "The Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy Discussion List b.garner4 at verizon.net," <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> Message-ID: <C193017D.1266F%Janet_Isserlis at brown.edu> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1" Another point I've raised (at a workshop the Bill facilitated) and elsewhere is that the GED itself is problematic as the sole 'marker' of success for ABE learners. In other words, it seems that there's the GED and nothing else to signal that an adult learner has accomplished something. For many adults, the GED is a far-away goal, and there aren't acknowledged steps along the way to indicate progress. For basic level learners, there's a lot to accomplish, but little way of recognizing those accomplishments. I realize that this is separate from the economic indicators being discussed, but I wish that as a field we could find other ways to talk about progress and benchmarks because: a) it would help learners set and achieve incremental and continuous goals; (and might help strengthen persistence); b) it would help employers and the general public understand that there are a number of things that adults *can* do even without the GED; c) would help potential learners and those making referrals understand that an ABE learner isn't necessarily looking for a GED class (yet), but for a program that helps him/her address basic skills. As well, we haven't even touched on the EDP or the Work Readiness Credentials. A woman I've been working with in prison for six years recently passed her GED. She still has two years to serve. Occasionally, there are community college courses she's able to take (from inside the prison), but I can't "count" my work with her for NRS purposes, without asking her to take a TABE test (which isn't something I'm willing to do). I'm curious to know more about Daphne's question - > I'm very interested in the "why"-- is the stigma of prison outweighingthe > usually positive (albeit small) effects of the GED? - especially as my student and I contemplate her employment prospects upon release. There are many. many issues to untangle here. Janet Isserlis > From: Barbara Garner <b.garner4 at verizon.net> > > Good point, Bill, I agree. The GED is a beginning, not an end point. > > What is happening with post-secondary programs, pre- and/or post-release, > these days? Are they seeing a lot of success? > Barb Garner > > > ===================== > From: William R Muth/FS/VCU <wrmuth at vcu.edu> > Date: 2006/11/28 Tue PM 11:43:12 CST > To: b.garner4 at verizon.net, > "The Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy Discussion List" > <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> > Subject: Re: [PovertyRaceWomen 74] Re: economic impact of earning a GED > while in prison > > > As I understand John Tyler's study,the signalling effect of the GED tends to > benefit those who are least educatedand minority. These achievers enjoy higher > wage earnings (although stillprobably at poverty-level) for three years after > release from prison. Isthat such a negative finding? Should we expect the GED > to be the "magicbullet" that solves the myriad of issues facing individuals > returningto society: addictions, homelessness/renegotiating relationships with > family,dangerous associations from the past, etc.? ?For me the take awaypoints > from John's study are: (a) emphasizing quality foundational literacylearning > prior to GED credentialing programs, and (b) then providing > adequatepostsecondary programs (e.g., AA degrees in vocational/technology) to > enablenewly released people to find meaningful, entry-level skilledwork. The > GED is not the problem. It's just not a panacea either. > -Bill > ? > ? > > > > Barbara Garner <b.garner4 at verizon.net> > Sent by: povertyracewomen-bounces at nifl.gov > 11/28/2006 04:56 PMPlease respond to > b.garner4 at verizon.net; Please respond to > "The Poverty, Race, ? ? ? ?Women and LiteracyDiscussion List" > <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> > ToDaphne Greenberg > <ALCDGG at langate.gsu.edu>,PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.govccSubject[PovertyRaceWomen > 74] Re: economic impactof earning a GED while ? ? ? ?in ? ?? ?prison > > > > > I remember this article well, because the findingsare so disheartening for > educators. An extensive query about the methodologywas conducted, but it > couldn't be faulted. > > I'm very interested in the "why"-- is the stigma of prison outweighingthe > usually positive (albeit small) effects of the GED? > > Do minorities show a slight earnings gain because they start with suchlow > earnings? > Does anyone have any insights ? > Barb Garner > Editor, Focus on Basics > ===================== > From: Daphne Greenberg <ALCDGG at langate.gsu.edu> > Date: 2006/11/28 Tue PM 01:55:10 CST > To: PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov > Subject: [PovertyRaceWomen 72] economic impact of earning a GED while in? ? ? > ? ? ? ? ?prison > > On the Focus on Basics list, Julie McKinney, the list moderator postedanother > article which may be of interest to some of you: > What are the Economic Effects of Earning a GED in Prison? > http://www.ncsall.net/?id=822 > In case you don't feel like reading the whole article, the aspect thatI think > is of interest to this listserv is that the study looked at thedifferences of > the economic impact of earning a GED while in prison, betweenwhite and > nonwhite ex-offenders: ?Among racial and ethnic minority offenders* primarily > African Americans with a smaller number of Hispanics * we foundabout a 20 > percent increase in the earnings among GED holders relativeto non-GED holders > in the first post-release year. This effect declinedin the second year and by > the third year it fell away to basically zero,?explains Tyler. ?We found that, > for white offenders, there was no differencein the post-release earnings or > employment for individuals who got a GEDversus those who did not.? > > Any thoughts/reactions? > Daphne > > > ------------------------------ Message: 4 Date: Wed, 29 Nov 2006 10:32:20 -0500 From: "Julie McKinney" <julie_mcKinney at worlded.org> Subject: [PovertyRaceWomen 81] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison To: <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov>, <b.garner4 at verizon.net> Message-ID: <456D61BD0200002D00000322 at mail.jsi.com> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 I agree with Bill too, but I am still curious about why the results were so different for African-American and white ex-offenders. When research shows a difference like this, it seems necessary to acknowledge that difference and search for the "why?" Jereann King put it well: "Part of what teachers have to do is accept difference and the fact that there are many cultures. I think we also have to recognize the social and economic circumstances that historically contribute to the gaps in educational achievement and economic/social stability." What are the "social and economic circumstances" at work here, and how can we change them? Reasons for this difference could also relate to cultural differences, or from our society's perception of cultural differences. (Including, perhaps, the ex-con culture...) Do minorities have a higher bump in earnings with a GED because they they started at a lower point? I would guess that average wages in any group are higher for whites than minorities, just as they are higher for men than women. It would be interesting to use the same data to compare male and female ex-offender GED holders vs. non-GED holders. Julie Julie McKinney Discussion List Moderator World Education/NCSALL jmckinney at worlded.org >>> Barbara Garner <b.garner4 at verizon.net> 11/29/06 7:58 AM >>> Good point, Bill, I agree. The GED is a beginning, not an end point. What is happening with post-secondary programs, pre- and/or post-release, these days? Are they seeing a lot of success? Barb Garner ===================== From: William R Muth/FS/VCU <wrmuth at vcu.edu> Date: 2006/11/28 Tue PM 11:43:12 CST To: b.garner4 at verizon.net, "The Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy Discussion List" <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> Subject: Re: [PovertyRaceWomen 74] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison As I understand John Tyler's study,the signalling effect of the GED tends to benefit those who are least educatedand minority. These achievers enjoy higher wage earnings (although stillprobably at poverty-level) for three years after release from prison. Isthat such a negative finding? Should we expect the GED to be the "magicbullet" that solves the myriad of issues facing individuals returningto society: addictions, homelessness/renegotiating relationships with family,dangerous associations from the past, etc.? For me the take awaypoints from John's study are: (a) emphasizing quality foundational literacylearning prior to GED credentialing programs, and (b) then providing adequatepostsecondary programs (e.g., AA degrees in vocational/technology) to enablenewly released people to find meaningful, entry-level skilledwork. The GED is not the problem. It's just not a panacea either. -Bill >>> Barbara Garner <b.garner4 at verizon.net> 11/29/06 7:58 AM >>> Good point, Bill, I agree. The GED is a beginning, not an end point. What is happening with post-secondary programs, pre- and/or post-release, these days? Are they seeing a lot of success? Barb Garner ===================== From: William R Muth/FS/VCU <wrmuth at vcu.edu> Date: 2006/11/28 Tue PM 11:43:12 CST To: b.garner4 at verizon.net, "The Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy Discussion List" <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> Subject: Re: [PovertyRaceWomen 74] Re: economic impact of earning a GED while in prison As I understand John Tyler's study,the signalling effect of the GED tends to benefit those who are least educatedand minority. These achievers enjoy higher wage earnings (although stillprobably at poverty-level) for three years after release from prison. Isthat such a negative finding? Should we expect the GED to be the "magicbullet" that solves the myriad of issues facing individuals returningto society: addictions, homelessness/renegotiating relationships with family,dangerous associations from the past, etc.? For me the take awaypoints from John's study are: (a) emphasizing quality foundational literacylearning prior to GED credentialing programs, and (b) then providing adequatepostsecondary programs (e.g., AA degrees in vocational/technology) to enablenewly released people to find meaningful, entry-level skilledwork. The GED is not the problem. It's just not a panacea either. -Bill Barbara Garner <b.garner4 at verizon.net> Sent by: povertyracewomen-bounces at nifl.gov 11/28/2006 04:56 PMPlease respond to b.garner4 at verizon.net; Please respond to "The Poverty, Race, Women and LiteracyDiscussion List" <povertyracewomen at nifl.gov> ToDaphne Greenberg <ALCDGG at langate.gsu.edu>,PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.govccSubject[PovertyRaceWomen 74] Re: economic impactof earning a GED while in prison I remember this article well, because the findingsare so disheartening for educators. An extensive query about the methodologywas conducted, but it couldn't be faulted. I'm very interested in the "why"-- is the stigma of prison outweighingthe usually positive (albeit small) effects of the GED? Do minorities show a slight earnings gain because they start with suchlow earnings? Does anyone have any insights ? Barb Garner Editor, Focus on Basics ===================== From: Daphne Greenberg <ALCDGG at langate.gsu.edu> Date: 2006/11/28 Tue PM 01:55:10 CST To: PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov Subject: [PovertyRaceWomen 72] economic impact of earning a GED while in prison On the Focus on Basics list, Julie McKinney, the list moderator postedanother article which may be of interest to some of you: What are the Economic Effects of Earning a GED in Prison? http://www.ncsall.net/?id=822 In case you don't feel like reading the whole article, the aspect thatI think is of interest to this listserv is that the study looked at thedifferences of the economic impact of earning a GED while in prison, betweenwhite and nonwhite ex-offenders: ?Among racial and ethnic minority offenders* primarily African Americans with a smaller number of Hispanics * we foundabout a 20 percent increase in the earnings among GED holders relativeto non-GED holders in the first post-release year. This effect declinedin the second year and by the third year it fell away to basically zero,?explains Tyler. ?We found that, for white offenders, there was no differencein the post-release earnings or employment for individuals who got a GEDversus those who did not.? Any thoughts/reactions? Daphne Daphne Greenberg Assistant Professor Educational Psych. & Special Ed. Georgia State University P.O. Box 3979 Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3979 phone: 404-651-0127 fax:404-651-4901 dgreenberg at gsu.edu Daphne Greenberg Associate Director Center for the Study of Adult Literacy Georgia State University P.O. Box 3977 Atlanta, Georgia 30302-3977 phone: 404-651-0127 fax:404-651-4901 dgreenberg at gsu.edu ---------------------------------------------------- National Institute for Literacy Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy mailing list PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov To unsubscribe or change your subscription settings, please go to http://www.nifl.gov/mailman/listinfo/povertyracewomen ---------------------------------------------------- National Institute for Literacy Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy mailing list PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov To unsubscribe or change your subscription settings, please go to http://www.nifl.gov/mailman/listinfo/povertyracewomen ---------------------------------------------------- National Institute for Literacy Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy mailing list PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov To unsubscribe or change your subscription settings, please go to http://www.nifl.gov/mailman/listinfo/povertyracewomen ------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------- National Institute for Literacy Poverty, Race, Women and Literacy mailing list PovertyRaceWomen at nifl.gov To unsubscribe or change your subscription settings, please go to http://www.nifl.gov/mailman/listinfo/povertyracewomen End of PovertyRaceWomen Digest, Vol 1, Issue 31 *********************************************** -------------- next part -------------- A non-text attachment was scrubbed... Name: not available Type: application/ms-tnef Size: 24462 bytes Desc: not available Url : http://www.nifl.gov/pipermail/diversity/attachments/20061130/fd3f031b/attachment.bin
More information about the Diversity mailing list |
|
Institute Home